Which amendment ensures equal protections under laws for religion, expression, assembly, and petition?

The First Amendment is foundational to the rights of individuals in the United States, specifically ensuring freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government. This amendment enshrines the concept of equal protection under the law in terms of these fundamental freedoms.

The significance of the First Amendment lies in its role in safeguarding the ability of individuals to express themselves, practice their religion without government interference, assemble peacefully, and address the government about grievances. This combination promotes a democratic society where diverse views can coexist and be voiced, thereby contributing to public discourse and governance.

In contrast, the other amendments mentioned focus on different rights and protections. The Second Amendment addresses the right to bear arms, the Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, and the Eighth Amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishments. Each of these amendments serves important purposes, but they do not encompass the broad spectrum of protections related to expression and assembly as established in the First Amendment.